Pali, with its glorious historical background, is an important district of Rajasthan expanding its boundaries in South-West to Sirohi district from Ajmer district and Nagour district in North-East. The area of 12,387 Sq. km of pali district is located between 24.45 degree to 26.75 degree North Latitute and 72.48 degree to 74.20 degree East Longitute surrounded by Jodhpur, Jalore, Sirohi, Udaipur, Rajasamand, Ajmer and Nagour districts. National Highway No. 14 links Pali from Delhi in North to Ahmedabad in South.
History
Geologists trace the existence of Pali to pre-historic age and maintain that it has emerged from the vast western sea spread over a large part of the present day Rajasthan. In the Vedic age Maharsi Javali stayed in this area for meditation and interpretation of Vedas. The Pandavas in the Mahabharata age also have made this area (near Bali) their resting place during the exile. As a part of ancient Arbuda Province, this area was known as Balla-Desh.
Historical relics depict the existence of this area during the Kushana Age, when King Kannishka had conquered Rohat and Jaitaran area, parts of today's Pali district, in 120 AD. Till the end of seventh century A. D. , this area was reigned by the Chalukya King Harshavardhana who also conquered Bhinmal and most of the present area of Rajasthan.
After the Arab invasions of India this area was concentrated by Rajput rulers from all over India. During the period from 10th to 15th century, boundaries of Pali extended to adjoining Mewar, Godwad and Marwar. All Rajput rulers resisted the foreign invaders but individually fought for each other's land and leadership.
After the defeat of Prithvi Raj Chouhan, the great warrior against Mohd. Gauri, the Rajput power of the area was disintegrated and Mewar and Godwad area of Pali become the the subjects of then ruler of Mewar, Maharana Kumbha. But Pali city which was ruled by Brahmin rulers with the patronage of neighbouring Rajput rulers, remained peaceful and progressive.
Role in struggle for freedom: Under British rule pali played an important role by pioneering the freedom struggle in Marwar. Various Thakurs of pali under the stewardship of Thakur of Auwa, who was the most powerful of all, confronted with the British rule. Auwa fort was surrounded by the British army and then confilcts lasted by 5 days, when at last the fort was possessed by the British army. But this heroie action of Auwa paved the way for continued and organised struggle for freedom.
Geography
The Great Aravali hills link Pali district with Ajmer, Rajsamand, Udaipur and Sirohi Districts. Western Rajasthan's famous river Luni and its tributaries Jawai, Mithadi, Sukadi, Bandi and Guhiabala flows through Pali district. The Largest dams of this area Jawai Dam and Sardar Samand Dam are also located in Pali district. While plains of this district are 180 to 500 meters above sea level, Pali city the district headquarter, is situated at 212 meters above sea level. While the highest point of Aravali hills in the district measures 1099 meters, the famous Ranakpur temples are situated in the foot steps of Aravalis . Parashuram Mahadev temple, a place of worship for millions of devotees of Lord Shiva, is also located in the Pali district on the hights of aravali range.
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